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Key Resources

Bottom Line Recommendations: Multisystem Trauma  (2020)

Bottom Line Recommendations: Multisystem Trauma

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Beno S, TREKK Network

Beno S, TREKK Network

The purpose of this document is to provide health care professionals with key facts and recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of multisystem trauma in children in the emergency department. Published online: January 14, 2021, Version 3.0.

The purpose of this document is to provide health care professionals with key facts and recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of multisystem trauma in children in the emergency department. Published online: January 14, 2021, Version 3.0.

Managing Trauma Patients in the Community  (2018)

Managing Trauma Patients in the Community

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Ackery A, Beno S and Wong K

Ackery A, Beno S and Wong K

Based upon an identified need for trauma education resources, we sought to create a unique video that delivers high yield information on community trauma management and transport. This project was a collaborative effort with input from a diverse group of community emergency physicians and academic pediatric and adult trauma care providers and covers important commonalities and differences when caring for diverse patient populations. Of note, the video briefly references Ontario specific trauma services, however, the core content of the video is applicable to trauma care across Canada.

Based upon an identified need for trauma education resources, we sought to create a unique video that delivers high yield information on community trauma management and transport. This project was a collaborative effort with input from a diverse group of community emergency physicians and academic pediatric and adult trauma care providers and covers important commonalities and differences when caring for diverse patient populations. Of note, the video briefly references Ontario specific trauma services, however, the core content of the video is applicable to trauma care across Canada.

Multisystem Trauma Algorithm  (2020)

Multisystem Trauma Algorithm

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TREKK Multisystem Trauma PedsPac

TREKK Multisystem Trauma PedsPac

This point of care algorithm is to guide initial management of pediatric multisystem trauma in the Emergency Department. Published online: June 2020, Version 1.0.

This point of care algorithm is to guide initial management of pediatric multisystem trauma in the Emergency Department. Published online: June 2020, Version 1.0.

Multisystem Trauma Order Set  (2020)

Multisystem Trauma Order Set

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TREKK Multisystem Trauma PedsPac

TREKK Multisystem Trauma PedsPac

This order set is for management of pediatric multisystem trauma in the ED and is adaptable to your hospitals form policy. Published online: June 2020, Version 1.0.

This order set is for management of pediatric multisystem trauma in the ED and is adaptable to your hospitals form policy. Published online: June 2020, Version 1.0.

Multisystem Trauma Checklist  (2020)

Multisystem Trauma Checklist

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TREKK Multisystem Trauma PedsPac

TREKK Multisystem Trauma PedsPac

This checklist is for management of pediatric multisystem in the ED pre-arrival and post-departure. Published online: June 2020, Version 1.0.

This checklist is for management of pediatric multisystem in the ED pre-arrival and post-departure. Published online: June 2020, Version 1.0.

Recommendations de Base: Polytrauma  (2020)

Recommendations de Base: Polytrauma

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Beno S, TREKK Network

Beno S, TREKK Network

Le but du present document est de fournir aux professionnels de la sant les faits et recommandations cles pour le diagnostic et le traitement du polytrauma chez les enfants dans un service durgence. Published online: January 14, 2021, Version 3.0.

Le but du present document est de fournir aux professionnels de la sant les faits et recommandations cles pour le diagnostic et le traitement du polytrauma chez les enfants dans un service durgence. Published online: January 14, 2021, Version 3.0.

Algorithme pour le polytraumatisme pediatrique  (2020)

Algorithme pour le polytraumatisme pediatrique

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PedsPac de TREKK sur le polytraumatisme

PedsPac de TREKK sur le polytraumatisme

This point of care algorithm is to guide initial management of pediatric multisystem trauma in the Emergency Department. Published online: June 2020, Version 1.0.

This point of care algorithm is to guide initial management of pediatric multisystem trauma in the Emergency Department. Published online: June 2020, Version 1.0.

Liste de vérification pour le polytraumatisme pédiatrique  (2020)

Liste de vérification pour le polytraumatisme pédiatrique

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PedsPac de TREKK sur le polytraumatisme

PedsPac de TREKK sur le polytraumatisme

This checklist is for management of pediatric multisystem in the ED pre-arrival and post-departure. Published online: June 2020, Version 1.0.

This checklist is for management of pediatric multisystem in the ED pre-arrival and post-departure. Published online: June 2020, Version 1.0.

Feuille d’ordonnances pré-rédigées pour le polytraumatisme pediatrique  (2020)

Feuille d’ordonnances pré-rédigées pour le polytraumatisme pediatrique

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PedsPac de TREKK sur le polytraumatisme

PedsPac de TREKK sur le polytraumatisme

This order set is for management of pediatric multisystem trauma in the ED and is adaptable to your hospitals form policy. Published online: June 2020, Version 1.0.

This order set is for management of pediatric multisystem trauma in the ED and is adaptable to your hospitals form policy. Published online: June 2020, Version 1.0.

Clinical guidelines

Clinical Practice Guideline: Management of the paediatric patient with acute head trauma  (2018)

Clinical Practice Guideline: Management of the paediatric patient with acute head trauma

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Farrell CA, Canadian Paediatric Society Acute Care Committee

Farrell CA, Canadian Paediatric Society Acute Care Committee

The purpose of this statement is to describe issues related to head trauma in infants, children and youth, including clinical manifestations, initial management priorities, guidelines for imaging, and subsequent observation and treatment.

The purpose of this statement is to describe issues related to head trauma in infants, children and youth, including clinical manifestations, initial management priorities, guidelines for imaging, and subsequent observation and treatment.

Clinical Practice Guideline: Multidisciplinary guidelines on the identification, investigation and management of suspected abusive head trauma  (2008)

Clinical Practice Guideline: Multidisciplinary guidelines on the identification, investigation and management of suspected abusive head trauma

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Canadian Paediatric Society

Canadian Paediatric Society

The Multidisciplinary Guidelines on the Identification, Investigation and Management of Suspected Abusive Head Trauma have been prepared in order to provide community organizations with assistance in developing local protocols for managing cases of Abusive Head Trauma. The guidelines are intended to be generic enough that large or small communities can use them to help develop a resoinse appropriate to their specific circumstances.

The Multidisciplinary Guidelines on the Identification, Investigation and Management of Suspected Abusive Head Trauma have been prepared in order to provide community organizations with assistance in developing local protocols for managing cases of Abusive Head Trauma. The guidelines are intended to be generic enough that large or small communities can use them to help develop a resoinse appropriate to their specific circumstances.

Clinical Practice Guideline: Peripheral neurovascular checklist  (2019)

Clinical Practice Guideline: Peripheral neurovascular checklist

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SicKids Division of Orthopaedic Surgery

SicKids Division of Orthopaedic Surgery

Peripheral Neurovascular Checklist.

Peripheral Neurovascular Checklist.

Pediatric Trauma Society Clinical Practice Guidelines  (2019)

Pediatric Trauma Society Clinical Practice Guidelines

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Pediatric Trauma Society

Pediatric Trauma Society

These guidelines have been supplied by a hospital as an example of a clinical practice guideline to provide clinicians at that institution with an analytical framework for the evaluation and treatment of a particular diagnosis or condition.

These guidelines have been supplied by a hospital as an example of a clinical practice guideline to provide clinicians at that institution with an analytical framework for the evaluation and treatment of a particular diagnosis or condition.

ACR Appropriateness Criteria: Suspected Spine Trauma [see section "Pediatric Patients" starting page 12]  (2018)

ACR Appropriateness Criteria: Suspected Spine Trauma [see section "Pediatric Patients" starting page 12]

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American College of Radiology,

American College of Radiology,

Clinical guidelines on radiologic procedures for suspected spine trauma.

Clinical guidelines on radiologic procedures for suspected spine trauma.

Liver trauma: WSES 2020 guidelines  (2020)

Liver trauma: WSES 2020 guidelines

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Coccolini, F., Coimbra, R., Ordonez, C. et al.

Coccolini, F., Coimbra, R., Ordonez, C. et al.

Liver injuries represent one of the most frequent life-threatening injuries in trauma patients. In determining the optimal management strategy, the anatomic injury, the hemodynamic status, and the associated injuries should be taken into consideration. Liver trauma approach may require non-operative or operative management with the intent to restore the homeostasis and the normal physiology. The management of liver trauma should be multidisciplinary including trauma surgeons, interventional radiologists, and emergency and ICU physicians. The aim of this paper is to present the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) liver trauma management guidelines.

Liver injuries represent one of the most frequent life-threatening injuries in trauma patients. In determining the optimal management strategy, the anatomic injury, the hemodynamic status, and the associated injuries should be taken into consideration. Liver trauma approach may require non-operative or operative management with the intent to restore the homeostasis and the normal physiology. The management of liver trauma should be multidisciplinary including trauma surgeons, interventional radiologists, and emergency and ICU physicians. The aim of this paper is to present the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) liver trauma management guidelines.

Advanced Trauma Life Support Update 2019: Management and Applications for Adults and Special Populations  (2019)

Advanced Trauma Life Support Update 2019: Management and Applications for Adults and Special Populations

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Galvagno SM Jr, Nahmias JT, Young DA.

Galvagno SM Jr, Nahmias JT, Young DA.

As the principal operating room resuscitationists, anesthesiologists must be familiar with the principles of Advanced Trauma Life Support, 10th edition. This edition recommends a highly structured approach to trauma patients and endorses several advances in trauma resuscitation. There are less stringent guidelines for crystalloid administration, references to video-assisted laryngoscopy, suggested use of viscoelastic methods to guide transfusion decisions, and other changes reflecting recent advances. This article discusses trauma team approach to resuscitation, greater focus on special populations, de-emphasis of spinal immobilization in favor of restriction of spinal motion, and other updates and technical advances.

As the principal operating room resuscitationists, anesthesiologists must be familiar with the principles of Advanced Trauma Life Support, 10th edition. This edition recommends a highly structured approach to trauma patients and endorses several advances in trauma resuscitation. There are less stringent guidelines for crystalloid administration, references to video-assisted laryngoscopy, suggested use of viscoelastic methods to guide transfusion decisions, and other changes reflecting recent advances. This article discusses trauma team approach to resuscitation, greater focus on special populations, de-emphasis of spinal immobilization in favor of restriction of spinal motion, and other updates and technical advances.

Trauma Association of Canada pediatric subcommittee national pediatric cervical spine evaluation pathway: consensus guidelines  (2011)

Trauma Association of Canada pediatric subcommittee national pediatric cervical spine evaluation pathway: consensus guidelines

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Chung S, Mikrogianakis A, Wales PW, et al.

Chung S, Mikrogianakis A, Wales PW, et al.

The Institute of Medicine calls for the use of clinical guidelines and practice parameters to promote "best practices" and improve patient outcomes. In 2006, The Trauma Association of Canada Pediatric Committee set out to create an evidence-based, national pediatric cervical spine (c-spine) clearance guideline based on the literature, existing algorithms from each pediatric trauma center and from expert opinion from across Canada. A review of the literature took place in September 2006 using the PubMed database. A consensus was reached on two pathways to evaluate the pediatric cervical spine: a patient with a reliable clinical examination and a patient with an unreliable examination. Presented herein are the consensus Trauma Association of Canada, National Pediatric Cervical Spine Evaluation Pathways for the patient with a reliable clinical examination, and the patient with and unreliable clinical examination.

The Institute of Medicine calls for the use of clinical guidelines and practice parameters to promote "best practices" and improve patient outcomes. In 2006, The Trauma Association of Canada Pediatric Committee set out to create an evidence-based, national pediatric cervical spine (c-spine) clearance guideline based on the literature, existing algorithms from each pediatric trauma center and from expert opinion from across Canada. A review of the literature took place in September 2006 using the PubMed database. A consensus was reached on two pathways to evaluate the pediatric cervical spine: a patient with a reliable clinical examination and a patient with an unreliable examination. Presented herein are the consensus Trauma Association of Canada, National Pediatric Cervical Spine Evaluation Pathways for the patient with a reliable clinical examination, and the patient with and unreliable clinical examination.

Spinal Motion Restriction in the Trauma Patient - A Joint Position Statement  (2018)

Spinal Motion Restriction in the Trauma Patient - A Joint Position Statement

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Fischer PE, Perina DG, Delbridge TR, et al.

Fischer PE, Perina DG, Delbridge TR, et al.

The American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma (ACS-COT), American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP), and the National Association of EMS Physicians (NAEMSP) have previously offered varied guidance on the role of backboards and spinal immobilization in out-of-hospital situations. This updated consensus statement on spinal motion restriction in the trauma patient represents the collective positions of the ACS-COT, ACEP and NAEMSP. It has further been formally endorsed by a number of national stakeholder organizations. This updated uniform guidance is intended for use by emergency medical services (EMS) personnel, EMS medical directors, emergency physicians, trauma surgeons, and nurses as they strive to improve the care of trauma victims within their respective domains.

The American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma (ACS-COT), American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP), and the National Association of EMS Physicians (NAEMSP) have previously offered varied guidance on the role of backboards and spinal immobilization in out-of-hospital situations. This updated consensus statement on spinal motion restriction in the trauma patient represents the collective positions of the ACS-COT, ACEP and NAEMSP. It has further been formally endorsed by a number of national stakeholder organizations. This updated uniform guidance is intended for use by emergency medical services (EMS) personnel, EMS medical directors, emergency physicians, trauma surgeons, and nurses as they strive to improve the care of trauma victims within their respective domains.

The European guideline on management of major bleeding and coagulopathy following trauma: fifth edition  (2019)

The European guideline on management of major bleeding and coagulopathy following trauma: fifth edition

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Spahn DR, Bouillon B, Cerny V, et al.

Spahn DR, Bouillon B, Cerny V, et al.

Severe traumatic injury continues to present challenges to healthcare systems around the world, and post-traumatic bleeding remains a leading cause of potentially preventable death among injured patients. Now in its fifth edition, this document aims to provide guidance on the management of major bleeding and coagulopathy following traumatic injury and encourages adaptation of the guiding principles described here to individual institutional circumstances and resources. The group applied a structured, evidence-based consensus approach to address scientific queries that served as the basis for each recommendation and supporting rationale. Expert opinion and current clinical practice were also considered, particularly in areas in which randomised clinical trials have not or cannot be performed. Existing recommendations were re-examined and revised based on scientific evidence that has emerged since the previous edition and observed shifts in clinical practice. New recommendations were formulated to reflect current clinical concerns and areas in which new research data have been generated.

Severe traumatic injury continues to present challenges to healthcare systems around the world, and post-traumatic bleeding remains a leading cause of potentially preventable death among injured patients. Now in its fifth edition, this document aims to provide guidance on the management of major bleeding and coagulopathy following traumatic injury and encourages adaptation of the guiding principles described here to individual institutional circumstances and resources. The group applied a structured, evidence-based consensus approach to address scientific queries that served as the basis for each recommendation and supporting rationale. Expert opinion and current clinical practice were also considered, particularly in areas in which randomised clinical trials have not or cannot be performed. Existing recommendations were re-examined and revised based on scientific evidence that has emerged since the previous edition and observed shifts in clinical practice. New recommendations were formulated to reflect current clinical concerns and areas in which new research data have been generated.

Overviews of systematic reviews

Should prophylactic antibiotics be used in patients with penetrating abdominal trauma?  (2013)

Should prophylactic antibiotics be used in patients with penetrating abdominal trauma?

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Brand M, Grieve A,

Brand M, Grieve A,

No randomised controlled trials could be found that met the inclusion criteria for this review.

No randomised controlled trials could be found that met the inclusion criteria for this review.

Systematic reviews

Cochrane Systematic Review: Once-daily versus multiple-daily dosing with intravenous aminoglycosides for cystic fibrosis

Cochrane Systematic Review: Once-daily versus multiple-daily dosing with intravenous aminoglycosides for cystic fibrosis

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Smyth AR, Bhatt J

Smyth AR, Bhatt J

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness and safety of once-daily versus multiple-daily dosing of intravenous aminoglycoside antibiotics for the management of pulmonary exacerbations in cystic fibrosis.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness and safety of once-daily versus multiple-daily dosing of intravenous aminoglycoside antibiotics for the management of pulmonary exacerbations in cystic fibrosis.

Cochrane Systematic Review: Treatment of seizures in multiple sclerosis

Cochrane Systematic Review: Treatment of seizures in multiple sclerosis

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Koch MW, Polman SK, Uyttenboogaart M, De Keyser J

Koch MW, Polman SK, Uyttenboogaart M, De Keyser J

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of antiepileptic treatments in patients with MS.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of antiepileptic treatments in patients with MS.

Cochrane Systematic Review: Multiple-micronutrient supplementation for women during pregnancy

Cochrane Systematic Review: Multiple-micronutrient supplementation for women during pregnancy

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Haider BA, Bhutta ZA

Haider BA, Bhutta ZA

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the benefits to both mother and infant of multiple-micronutrient supplements in pregnancy and to assess the risk of adverse events as a result of supplementation.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the benefits to both mother and infant of multiple-micronutrient supplements in pregnancy and to assess the risk of adverse events as a result of supplementation.

Cochrane Systematic Review: Nutritional advice for improving outcomes in multiple pregnancies

Cochrane Systematic Review: Nutritional advice for improving outcomes in multiple pregnancies

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Ballard CK, Bricker L, Reed K, Wood L, Neilson JP

Ballard CK, Bricker L, Reed K, Wood L, Neilson JP

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of specialised diets or nutritional advice for women with multiple pregnancies (two or more fetuses).

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of specialised diets or nutritional advice for women with multiple pregnancies (two or more fetuses).

Pointofcare ultrasonography for diagnosing thoracoabdominal injuries in patients with blunt trauma  (2018)

Pointofcare ultrasonography for diagnosing thoracoabdominal injuries in patients with blunt trauma

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Stengel D, Leisterer J, Ferrada P, et al.

Stengel D, Leisterer J, Ferrada P, et al.

To determine the diagnostic accuracy of POCS for detecting and excluding free fluid, organ injuries, vascular lesions, and other injuries (e.g. pneumothorax) compared to a diagnostic reference standard (i.e. computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), thoracoscopy or thoracotomy, laparoscopy or laparotomy, autopsy, or any combination of these) in patients with blunt trauma.

To determine the diagnostic accuracy of POCS for detecting and excluding free fluid, organ injuries, vascular lesions, and other injuries (e.g. pneumothorax) compared to a diagnostic reference standard (i.e. computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), thoracoscopy or thoracotomy, laparoscopy or laparotomy, autopsy, or any combination of these) in patients with blunt trauma.

Pediatric trauma triage: A Pediatric Trauma Society Research Committee systematic review  (2020)

Pediatric trauma triage: A Pediatric Trauma Society Research Committee systematic review

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Mora MC, Veras L, Burke RV, et al.

Mora MC, Veras L, Burke RV, et al.

This study evaluated existing evidence for pediatric trauma triage. Questions defined a priori were as follows: (1) Do prehospital trauma triage criteria reduce mortality? (2) Do prehospital trauma scoring systems predict outcomes? (3) Do trauma center activation criteria predict outcomes? (4) Do trauma center activation criteria predict need for procedural or operative interventions? (5) Do trauma bay pediatric trauma scoring systems predict outcomes? (6) What secondary triage criteria for transfer of children exist?

This study evaluated existing evidence for pediatric trauma triage. Questions defined a priori were as follows: (1) Do prehospital trauma triage criteria reduce mortality? (2) Do prehospital trauma scoring systems predict outcomes? (3) Do trauma center activation criteria predict outcomes? (4) Do trauma center activation criteria predict need for procedural or operative interventions? (5) Do trauma bay pediatric trauma scoring systems predict outcomes? (6) What secondary triage criteria for transfer of children exist?

Cochrane Systematic Review: Thromboprophylaxis for trauma patients

Cochrane Systematic Review: Thromboprophylaxis for trauma patients

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Barrera LM, Perel P, Ker K, Cirocchi R, Farinella E, Morales Uribe CH

Barrera LM, Perel P, Ker K, Cirocchi R, Farinella E, Morales Uribe CH

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of thromboprophylaxis in trauma patients on mortality and incidence of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. To compare the effects of different thromboprophylaxis interventions and their effects according to the type of trauma.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of thromboprophylaxis in trauma patients on mortality and incidence of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. To compare the effects of different thromboprophylaxis interventions and their effects according to the type of trauma.

Systematic Review: Retinal haemorrhages and related findings in abusive and non-abusive head trauma: a systematic review  (2013)

Systematic Review: Retinal haemorrhages and related findings in abusive and non-abusive head trauma: a systematic review

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Maguire SA, Watts PO, Shaw AD, Holden S, Taylor RH, Watkins WJ, Mann MK, Tempest V, Kemp AM

Maguire SA, Watts PO, Shaw AD, Holden S, Taylor RH, Watkins WJ, Mann MK, Temp...

Aim: To report the retinal signs that distinguish abusive head trauma (AHT) from non-abusive head trauma (nAHT).

Aim: To report the retinal signs that distinguish abusive head trauma (AHT) from non-abusive head trauma (nAHT).

Systematic Review: Clinical and radiographic characteristics associated with abusive and nonabusive head trauma: a systematic review  (2012)

Systematic Review: Clinical and radiographic characteristics associated with abusive and nonabusive head trauma: a systematic review

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Piteau SJ, Ward MG, Barrowman NJ, Plint AC

Piteau SJ, Ward MG, Barrowman NJ, Plint AC

Objective: To systematically review the literature to determine which clinical and radiographic characteristics are associated with abusive head trauma (AHT) and nonabusive head trauma (nAHT) in children.

Objective: To systematically review the literature to determine which clinical and radiographic characteristics are associated with abusive head trauma (AHT) and nonabusive head trauma (nAHT) in children.

Systematic Review: Neuroimaging: what neuroradiological features distinguish abusive from non-abusive head trauma?  (2011)

Systematic Review: Neuroimaging: what neuroradiological features distinguish abusive from non-abusive head trauma?

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Kemp AM, Jaspan T, Griffiths J, Stoodley N, Mann MK, Tempest V, Maguire SA

Kemp AM, Jaspan T, Griffiths J, Stoodley N, Mann MK, Tempest V, Maguire SA

Objective: To identify the evidence base behind the neuroradiological features that differentiate abusive head trauma (AHT) from non-abusive head trauma (nAHT).

Objective: To identify the evidence base behind the neuroradiological features that differentiate abusive head trauma (AHT) from non-abusive head trauma (nAHT).

Thromboprophylaxis for trauma patients  (2013)

Thromboprophylaxis for trauma patients

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Barrera LM, Perel P, Ker K, Cirocchi R, Farinella E, Morales Uribe CH,

Barrera LM, Perel P, Ker K, Cirocchi R, Farinella E, Morales Uribe CH,

Review to assess the effects of thromboprophylaxis in trauma patients on mortality and incidence of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism and to compare the effects of different thromboprophylaxis interventions and their effects according to the type of trauma.

Review to assess the effects of thromboprophylaxis in trauma patients on mortality and incidence of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism and to compare the effects of different thromboprophylaxis interventions and their effects according to the type of trauma.

Emergency ultrasound-based algorithms for diagnosing blunt abdominal trauma  (2013)

Emergency ultrasound-based algorithms for diagnosing blunt abdominal trauma

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Stengel D, Bauwens K, Rademacher G, Ekkernkamp A, Gthoff C,

Stengel D, Bauwens K, Rademacher G, Ekkernkamp A, Gthoff C,

Review to assess the effects of trauma algorithms that include ultrasound examinations in patients with suspected blunt abdominal trauma.

Review to assess the effects of trauma algorithms that include ultrasound examinations in patients with suspected blunt abdominal trauma.

Selective computed tomography (CT) versus routine thoracoabdominal CT for high-energy blunt-trauma patients  (2013)

Selective computed tomography (CT) versus routine thoracoabdominal CT for high-energy blunt-trauma patients

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Van Vugt R, Keus F, Kool D, Deunk J, Edwards M,

Van Vugt R, Keus F, Kool D, Deunk J, Edwards M,

Review to assess the effects of routine thoracoabdominal CT compared with selective thoracoabdominal CT on mortality in blunt high-energy trauma patients.

Review to assess the effects of routine thoracoabdominal CT compared with selective thoracoabdominal CT on mortality in blunt high-energy trauma patients.

Review: Pediatric Head Trauma: A Review and Update.  (2019)

Review: Pediatric Head Trauma: A Review and Update.

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Gelineau-Morel RN, Zinkus TP, Le Pichon JB.

Gelineau-Morel RN, Zinkus TP, Le Pichon JB.

There is still a considerable amount of confusion when it comes to managing concussions. An excessive number of head computed tomographic scans are being obtained for concussions, resulting in unnecessary exposure to ionizing radiation. Clinicians should be aware of the most recent guidelines for the management of concussion, including the need for imaging, and should be able to differentiate mild from moderate and severe traumatic brain injury.

There is still a considerable amount of confusion when it comes to managing concussions. An excessive number of head computed tomographic scans are being obtained for concussions, resulting in unnecessary exposure to ionizing radiation. Clinicians should be aware of the most recent guidelines for the management of concussion, including the need for imaging, and should be able to differentiate mild from moderate and severe traumatic brain injury.

Review: Monitoring and measurement of intracranial pressure in pediatric head trauma.  (2020)

Review: Monitoring and measurement of intracranial pressure in pediatric head trauma.

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Pedersen SH, Lilja-Cyron A, Astrand R, Juhler M.

Pedersen SH, Lilja-Cyron A, Astrand R, Juhler M.

Monitoring of intracranial pressure (ICP) is an important and integrated part of the treatment algorithm for children with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Guidelines often recommend ICP monitoring with a treatment threshold of 20 mmHg. This focused review discusses; (1) different ICP technologies and how ICP should be monitored in pediatric patients with severe TBI, (2) existing evidence behind guideline recommendations, and (3) how we could move forward to increase knowledge about normal ICP in children to support treatment decisions.

Monitoring of intracranial pressure (ICP) is an important and integrated part of the treatment algorithm for children with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Guidelines often recommend ICP monitoring with a treatment threshold of 20 mmHg. This focused review discusses; (1) different ICP technologies and how ICP should be monitored in pediatric patients with severe TBI, (2) existing evidence behind guideline recommendations, and (3) how we could move forward to increase knowledge about normal ICP in children to support treatment decisions.

Review: Emergency Department Implementation of the Brain Trauma Foundation's Pediatric Severe Brain Injury Guideline Recommendations.  (2020)

Review: Emergency Department Implementation of the Brain Trauma Foundation's Pediatric Severe Brain Injury Guideline Recommendations.

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Lumba-Brown A, Totten A, Kochanek PM.

Lumba-Brown A, Totten A, Kochanek PM.

Provides new and updated recommendations applicable to the emergency department management of children with severe traumatic brain injury. Practice-changing takeaways include specific recommendations for administration of 3% hypertonic saline, administration of seizure prophylaxis, and avoiding hyperventilation.

Provides new and updated recommendations applicable to the emergency department management of children with severe traumatic brain injury. Practice-changing takeaways include specific recommendations for administration of 3% hypertonic saline, administration of seizure prophylaxis, and avoiding hyperventilation.

Cochrane Systematic Review: Antifibrinolytic drugs for acute traumatic injury

Cochrane Systematic Review: Antifibrinolytic drugs for acute traumatic injury

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Roberts I, Shakur H, Ker K, Coats T; CRASH-2 Trial collaborators

Roberts I, Shakur H, Ker K, Coats T; CRASH-2 Trial collaborators

OBJECTIVES: To quantify the effects of antifibrinolytic drugs on mortality, vascular occlusive events, surgical intervention and receipt of blood transfusion after acute traumatic injury.

OBJECTIVES: To quantify the effects of antifibrinolytic drugs on mortality, vascular occlusive events, surgical intervention and receipt of blood transfusion after acute traumatic injury.

Cochrane Systematic Review: Bradykinin beta-2 receptor antagonists for acute traumatic brain injury

Cochrane Systematic Review: Bradykinin beta-2 receptor antagonists for acute traumatic brain injury

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Ker K, Blackhall K

Ker K, Blackhall K

OBJECTIVES: The objective was to assess the safety and effectiveness of beta-2 receptor antagonists for TBI.

OBJECTIVES: The objective was to assess the safety and effectiveness of beta-2 receptor antagonists for TBI.

Cochrane Systematic Review: Decompressive craniectomy for the treatment of refractory high intracranial pressure in traumatic brain injury

Cochrane Systematic Review: Decompressive craniectomy for the treatment of refractory high intracranial pressure in traumatic brain injury

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Sahuquillo J, Arikan F

Sahuquillo J, Arikan F

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of secondary decompressive craniectomy (DC) on outcome and quality of life in patients with severe TBI in whom conventional medical therapeutic measures have failed to control raised ICP.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of secondary decompressive craniectomy (DC) on outcome and quality of life in patients with severe TBI in whom conventional medical therapeutic measures have failed to control raised ICP.

Cochrane Systematic Review: Hyperventilation therapy for acute traumatic brain injury

Cochrane Systematic Review: Hyperventilation therapy for acute traumatic brain injury

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Schierhout G, Roberts I

Schierhout G, Roberts I

OBJECTIVES: To quantify the effect of hyperventilation on death and neurological disability following head injury.

OBJECTIVES: To quantify the effect of hyperventilation on death and neurological disability following head injury.

Cochrane Systematic Review: Progesterone for acute traumatic brain injury

Cochrane Systematic Review: Progesterone for acute traumatic brain injury

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Ma J, Huang S, Qin S, You C

Ma J, Huang S, Qin S, You C

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness and safety of progesterone in people with acute TBI.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness and safety of progesterone in people with acute TBI.

Cochrane Systematic Review: Primary closure versus delayed closure for non bite traumatic wounds within 24 hours post injury

Cochrane Systematic Review: Primary closure versus delayed closure for non bite traumatic wounds within 24 hours post injury

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Eliya-Masamba MC, Banda GW

Eliya-Masamba MC, Banda GW

OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect on time to healing of primary closure versus delayed closure for non bite traumatic wounds presenting within 24 hours post injury. To explore the adverse effects of primary closure compared with delayed closure for non bite traumatic wounds presenting within 24 hours post injury.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect on time to healing of primary closure versus delayed closure for non bite traumatic wounds presenting within 24 hours post injury. To explore the adverse effects of primary closure compared with delayed closure for non bite traumatic wounds presenting within 24 hours post injury.

Key studies

Key Study: Multiple interventions improve analgesic treatment of supracondylar humerus fractures in a pediatric emergency department  (2015)

Key Study: Multiple interventions improve analgesic treatment of supracondylar humerus fractures in a pediatric emergency department

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Porter, RN, Chafe, RE, Newhook, LA and Murnaghan, KD

Porter, RN, Chafe, RE, Newhook, LA and Murnaghan, KD

To measure the effectiveness of a set of interventions in improving the rate and timeliness of analgesic medication administration, as well as appropriate backslab immobilization (application of a moldable plaster or fiberglass splint), in a pediatric ED.

To measure the effectiveness of a set of interventions in improving the rate and timeliness of analgesic medication administration, as well as appropriate backslab immobilization (application of a moldable plaster or fiberglass splint), in a pediatric ED.

Key Study: Diagnostic accuracy of bedside emergency ultrasound screening for fractures in pediatric trauma patients  (2011)

Key Study: Diagnostic accuracy of bedside emergency ultrasound screening for fractures in pediatric trauma patients

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Sinha, TP, Bhoi, S, Kumar, S, Ramchandani, R, Goswami, A, Kurrey, L, & Galwankar, S

Sinha, TP, Bhoi, S, Kumar, S, Ramchandani, R, Goswami, A, Kurrey, L, & Ga...

Objective: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of bedside ultrasound for fractures in pediatric trauma patients.

Objective: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of bedside ultrasound for fractures in pediatric trauma patients.

Key Study: Are CT scans obtained at referring institutions justified prior to transfer to a pediatric trauma center?  (2014)

Key Study: Are CT scans obtained at referring institutions justified prior to transfer to a pediatric trauma center?

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Benedict LA, Paulus JK, Rideout L, Chwals WJ

Benedict LA, Paulus JK, Rideout L, Chwals WJ

To assess whether pediatrictraumapatientsinitially evaluated at referring institutions met Massachusetts statewidetraumafield triage criteria for stabilization and immediate transfer to a PediatricTraumaCenter (PTC) without pre-transfer CT imaging.

To assess whether pediatrictraumapatientsinitially evaluated at referring institutions met Massachusetts statewidetraumafield triage criteria for stabilization and immediate transfer to a PediatricTraumaCenter (PTC) without pre-transfer CT imaging.

Key Study: Validation of a clinical prediction rule for pediatric abusive head trauma  (2014)

Key Study: Validation of a clinical prediction rule for pediatric abusive head trauma

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Hymel KP, Armijo-Garcia V, Foster R, Frazier TN, Stoiko M, Christie LM, Harper NS, Weeks K, Carroll CL, Hyden P, Sirotnak A, Truemper E, Ornstein AE, Wang M

Hymel KP, Armijo-Garcia V, Foster R, Frazier TN, Stoiko M, Christie LM, Harpe...

To reduce missed cases of pediatric abusive head trauma (AHT), Pediatric Brain Injury Research Network investigators derived a 4-variable AHT clinical prediction rule (CPR) with sensitivity of .96. Our objective was to validate the screening performance of this AHT CPR in a new, equivalent patient population.

To reduce missed cases of pediatric abusive head trauma (AHT), Pediatric Brain Injury Research Network investigators derived a 4-variable AHT clinical prediction rule (CPR) with sensitivity of .96. Our objective was to validate the screening performance of this AHT CPR in a new, equivalent patient population.

Key Study: Early coagulopathy is an independent predictor of mortality in children after severe trauma  (2013)

Key Study: Early coagulopathy is an independent predictor of mortality in children after severe trauma

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Whittaker B, Christiaans SC, Altice JL, Chen MK, Bartolucci AA, Morgan CJ, Kerby JD, Pittet JF

Whittaker B, Christiaans SC, Altice JL, Chen MK, Bartolucci AA, Morgan CJ, Ke...

To determine whether early coagulopathy affects the mortality associated with severe civilian pediatrictrauma,traumapatientsyounger than 18 years admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit from 2001 to 2010 were evaluated.

To determine whether early coagulopathy affects the mortality associated with severe civilian pediatrictrauma,traumapatientsyounger than 18 years admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit from 2001 to 2010 were evaluated.

Key Study: Coagulopathy is prevalent and associated with adverse outcomes in transfused pediatric trauma patients  (2012)

Key Study: Coagulopathy is prevalent and associated with adverse outcomes in transfused pediatric trauma patients

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Hendrickson JE, Shaz BH, Pereira G, Atkins E, Johnson KK, Bao G, Easley KA, Josephson CD,

Hendrickson JE, Shaz BH, Pereira G, Atkins E, Johnson KK, Bao G, Easley KA, J...

A study to evaluate coagulopathy in pediatric trauma patients on presentation to the emergency department, and to quantify the relationship with mortality.

A study to evaluate coagulopathy in pediatric trauma patients on presentation to the emergency department, and to quantify the relationship with mortality.

Key Study: Altered lower extremity fracture characteristics in obese pediatric trauma patients  (2015)

Key Study: Altered lower extremity fracture characteristics in obese pediatric trauma patients

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Gilbert, SR, MacLennan, PA, Backstrom, I, Creek, A & Sawyer, J

Gilbert, SR, MacLennan, PA, Backstrom, I, Creek, A & Sawyer, J

Objective: To determine whether there are differences in fracture patterns and femur fracture treatment choices in obese versus nonobese pediatric trauma patients.

Objective: To determine whether there are differences in fracture patterns and femur fracture treatment choices in obese versus nonobese pediatric trauma patients.

Key Study: Bruising characteristics discriminating physical child abuse from accidental trauma  (2010)

Key Study: Bruising characteristics discriminating physical child abuse from accidental trauma

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Pierce MC, Kaczor K, Aldridge S, O'Flynn J, Lorenz DJ

Pierce MC, Kaczor K, Aldridge S, O'Flynn J, Lorenz DJ

Our objective was to conduct a pilot study to identify discriminating bruising characteristics and to model those findings into a decision tool for screening children at high risk forabuse.

Our objective was to conduct a pilot study to identify discriminating bruising characteristics and to model those findings into a decision tool for screening children at high risk forabuse.

Key Study: Prior opportunities to identify abuse in children with abusive head trauma  (2016)

Key Study: Prior opportunities to identify abuse in children with abusive head trauma

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Letson MM, Cooper JN, Deans KJ, Scribano PV, Makoroff KL, Feldman KW, Berger RP

Letson MM, Cooper JN, Deans KJ, Scribano PV, Makoroff KL, Feldman KW, Berger RP

Infants with minor abusive injuries are at risk for more serious abusive injury, including abusive head trauma (AHT). Our study objective was to determine if children with AHT had prior opportunities to detect abuse and to describe the opportunities.

Infants with minor abusive injuries are at risk for more serious abusive injury, including abusive head trauma (AHT). Our study objective was to determine if children with AHT had prior opportunities to detect abuse and to describe the opportunities.

Key Study: Abusive head trauma: recognition and the essential investigation  (2011)

Key Study: Abusive head trauma: recognition and the essential investigation

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Kemp AM

Kemp AM

This article describes the evidence base behind the associated historical, clinical and neuroradiological features of abusive head trauma and spinal injury in physical abuse and sets out an algorithm of essential investigations that should be performed in any infant or young child where abusive head trauma is suspected.

This article describes the evidence base behind the associated historical, clinical and neuroradiological features of abusive head trauma and spinal injury in physical abuse and sets out an algorithm of essential investigations that should be performed in any infant or young child where abusive head trauma is suspected.

Key Study: Femur fractures in the pediatric population:abuse or accidental trauma?  (2011)

Key Study: Femur fractures in the pediatric population:abuse or accidental trauma?

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Baldwin K, Pandya NK, Wolfgruber H, Drummond DS, Hosalkar HS

Baldwin K, Pandya NK, Wolfgruber H, Drummond DS, Hosalkar HS

We sought to determine whether accidental femur fractures in pediatric patients younger than age 4 could be distinguished from child abuse using a combination of presumed risk factors from the history, physical examination findings, radiographic findings, and age.

We sought to determine whether accidental femur fractures in pediatric patients younger than age 4 could be distinguished from child abuse using a combination of presumed risk factors from the history, physical examination findings, radiographic findings, and age.

Key Study: Child abuse and orthopaedic injury patterns:analysis at a level I pediatric trauma center  (2009)

Key Study: Child abuse and orthopaedic injury patterns:analysis at a level I pediatric trauma center

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Pandya NK, Baldwin K, Wolfgruber H, Christian CW, Drummond DS, Hosalkar HS

Pandya NK, Baldwin K, Wolfgruber H, Christian CW, Drummond DS, Hosalkar HS

The purpose of our study was to describe the patterns of orthopaedic injury for child abuse cases detected in the large urban area that our institution serves, and to compare the injury profiles of these victims of child abuse to that of general (accidental) trauma patients seen in the emergency room and/or hospitalized during the same time period.

The purpose of our study was to describe the patterns of orthopaedic injury for child abuse cases detected in the large urban area that our institution serves, and to compare the injury profiles of these victims of child abuse to that of general (accidental) trauma patients seen in the emergency room and/or hospitalized during the same time period.

Key Study: Analysis of missed cases of abusive head trauma  (1999)

Key Study: Analysis of missed cases of abusive head trauma

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Jenny C, Hymel KP, Ritzen A, Reinert SE, Hay TC

Jenny C, Hymel KP, Ritzen A, Reinert SE, Hay TC

Objectives: To determine how frequently AHT was previously missed by physicians in a group of abused children with head injuries and to determine factors associated with the unrecognized diagnosis.

Objectives: To determine how frequently AHT was previously missed by physicians in a group of abused children with head injuries and to determine factors associated with the unrecognized diagnosis.

Key Study: External validation of clinical decision rules for children with wrist trauma  (2017)

Key Study: External validation of clinical decision rules for children with wrist trauma

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Mulders MA, Walenkamp MM, Dubois BF, Slaar A, Goslings JC, Schep NW

Mulders MA, Walenkamp MM, Dubois BF, Slaar A, Goslings JC, Schep NW

The primary aim of this study was to provide an overview of all existing non-validated clinical decision rules for wrist trauma in children and to externally validate these rules in a different cohort of patients.

The primary aim of this study was to provide an overview of all existing non-validated clinical decision rules for wrist trauma in children and to externally validate these rules in a different cohort of patients.

Key Study: Diagnostic value of ultrasonography in elbow trauma in children: Prospective study of 34 cases  (2016)

Key Study: Diagnostic value of ultrasonography in elbow trauma in children: Prospective study of 34 cases

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Burnier M, Buisson G, Ricard A, Cunin V, Pracros JP, Chotel F

Burnier M, Buisson G, Ricard A, Cunin V, Pracros JP, Chotel F

This study evaluated the diagnostic contribution of ultrasonography in the treatment of acute elbow injuries in children and the strategic and economic impact of using this tool alongside radiography.

This study evaluated the diagnostic contribution of ultrasonography in the treatment of acute elbow injuries in children and the strategic and economic impact of using this tool alongside radiography.

Key Study: Adherence behavior in an acute pediatric hand trauma population: A pilot study of parental report of adherence levels and influencing factors  (2016)

Key Study: Adherence behavior in an acute pediatric hand trauma population: A pilot study of parental report of adherence levels and influencing factors

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Cole T, Underhill A, Kennedy S

Cole T, Underhill A, Kennedy S

The hand is a common site of injury in children; however, little is known regarding adherence to hand trauma management in this population.

The hand is a common site of injury in children; however, little is known regarding adherence to hand trauma management in this population.

Key Study: Identification of children at very low risk of clinically-important brain injuries after head trauma: a prospective cohort study  (2009)

Key Study: Identification of children at very low risk of clinically-important brain injuries after head trauma: a prospective cohort study

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Kuppermann N, Holmes JF, Dayan PS, Hoyle JD, Atabaki SM, Holubkov R, Nadel FM, Monroe D, Stanley RM, Borgialli DA, Badawy MK, Schunk JE, Quayle KS, Mahajan P...

Kuppermann N, Holmes JF, Dayan PS, Hoyle JD, Atabaki SM, Holubkov R, Nadel FM...

CT imaging ofhead-injured children has risks of radiation-induced malignancy. Our aim was to identify children at very low risk of clinically-important traumatic brain injuries (ciTBI) for whom CT might be unnecessary.

CT imaging ofhead-injured children has risks of radiation-induced malignancy. Our aim was to identify children at very low risk of clinically-important traumatic brain injuries (ciTBI) for whom CT might be unnecessary.

Key Study: Pediatric Supracondylar Humerus Fractures: AAOS Appropriate Use Criteria Versus Actual Management at a Pediatric Level 1 Trauma Center  (2017)

Key Study: Pediatric Supracondylar Humerus Fractures: AAOS Appropriate Use Criteria Versus Actual Management at a Pediatric Level 1 Trauma Center

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Wang, JH, Morris, WZ, Bafus, BT and Liu, RW

Wang, JH, Morris, WZ, Bafus, BT and Liu, RW

The purpose of this study was to characterize management of supracondylar humerus fractures (SCHFs) at a level 1 trauma center and identify factors contributing to divergence in management from American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (AAOS) the Appropriate Use Criteria (AUC) recommendations.

The purpose of this study was to characterize management of supracondylar humerus fractures (SCHFs) at a level 1 trauma center and identify factors contributing to divergence in management from American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (AAOS) the Appropriate Use Criteria (AUC) recommendations.

Key Study: Utility of complete trauma series radiographs in alert pediatric patients presenting to Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital  (2015)

Key Study: Utility of complete trauma series radiographs in alert pediatric patients presenting to Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital

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Alam Khan T1,Jamil Khattak Y,Awais M,Alam Khan A,Husen Y,Nadeem N,Rehman A.

Alam Khan T1,Jamil Khattak Y,Awais M,Alam Khan A,Husen Y,Nadeem N,Rehman A.

To assess the utility of trauma series radiographs in the management of alert pediatric patients with traumatic injury and to ascertain whether it is necessary to acquire the entire trauma series in these children.

To assess the utility of trauma series radiographs in the management of alert pediatric patients with traumatic injury and to ascertain whether it is necessary to acquire the entire trauma series in these children.

Key Study: A randomized, controlled trial of acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and codeine for acute pain relief in children with musculoskeletal trauma  (2007)

Key Study: A randomized, controlled trial of acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and codeine for acute pain relief in children with musculoskeletal trauma

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Clark, E, Plint, AC, Correll, R, et al

Clark, E, Plint, AC, Correll, R, et al

To determine which of 3 analgesics, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, or codeine, given as a single dose, provides the most efficacious analgesia for children presenting to the emergency department with pain from acute musculoskeletal injuries.

To determine which of 3 analgesics, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, or codeine, given as a single dose, provides the most efficacious analgesia for children presenting to the emergency department with pain from acute musculoskeletal injuries.

Key Study: Drug use and screening in pediatric trauma  (2011)

Key Study: Drug use and screening in pediatric trauma

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Martin KLV, K. N.; Girotti, M. J.; Stewart, T. C.; Parry, N. G.

Martin KLV, K. N.; Girotti, M. J.; Stewart, T. C.; Parry, N. G.

This article will describe the pharmacology of cannabis, effects of various dosage formulations, therapeutics benefits and risks of cannabis for pain and muscle spasm, and safety concerns of medical cannabis use.

This article will describe the pharmacology of cannabis, effects of various dosage formulations, therapeutics benefits and risks of cannabis for pain and muscle spasm, and safety concerns of medical cannabis use.

Key Study: Substance abuse in adolescent trauma  (1993)

Key Study: Substance abuse in adolescent trauma

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Loiselle JMB, M. D.; Templeton, J. M., Jr.; Schwartz, G.; Drott, H.

Loiselle JMB, M. D.; Templeton, J. M., Jr.; Schwartz, G.; Drott, H.

To determine if there is a significant prevalence of drug or alcohol use among adolescents evaluated for significant acute trauma.

To determine if there is a significant prevalence of drug or alcohol use among adolescents evaluated for significant acute trauma.

Key Study: Assessment of non-routine events and significant physiological disturbances during emergency department evaluation after pediatric head trauma.  (2021)

Key Study: Assessment of non-routine events and significant physiological disturbances during emergency department evaluation after pediatric head trauma.

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Alberto EC, Harvey AR, Amberson MJ, Zheng Y, Thenappan AA, Oluigbo C, et al

Alberto EC, Harvey AR, Amberson MJ, Zheng Y, Thenappan AA, Oluigbo C, et al

The purpose of this study was to determine the association of non-routine events (NREs) during the initial resuscitation phase with these physiological disturbances.

The purpose of this study was to determine the association of non-routine events (NREs) during the initial resuscitation phase with these physiological disturbances.

Key Study: Comparison of minor head trauma management in the emergency departments of a United States and Italian Children's hospital.  (2019)

Key Study: Comparison of minor head trauma management in the emergency departments of a United States and Italian Children's hospital.

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Stopa BM, Amoroso S, Ronfani L, Neri E, Barbi E, Lee LK.

Stopa BM, Amoroso S, Ronfani L, Neri E, Barbi E, Lee LK.

Pediatric head trauma management varies between emergency departments globally. Here we aim to compare the pediatric minor head trauma management between a US and Italian hospital.

Pediatric head trauma management varies between emergency departments globally. Here we aim to compare the pediatric minor head trauma management between a US and Italian hospital.

Other

Emergency Medicine Cases Podcast: Pediatric Trauma  (2017)

Emergency Medicine Cases Podcast: Pediatric Trauma

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Dr. Sue Beno, Dr. Faud Alnaji

Dr. Sue Beno, Dr. Faud Alnaji

Management of the pediatric trauma patient is challenging regardless of where you work. In this EM Cases episode, two leading pediatric trauma experts, Dr. Sue Beno from Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto and Dr. Faud Alnaji from Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario in Ottawa answer such questions as: what are the most important physiologic and anatomic differences between children and adults that are key to managing the trauma patient? How much fluid should be given prior to blood products? What is the role of POCUS in abdominal trauma? Which patients require abdominal CT?

Management of the pediatric trauma patient is challenging regardless of where you work. In this EM Cases episode, two leading pediatric trauma experts, Dr. Sue Beno from Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto and Dr. Faud Alnaji from Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario in Ottawa answer such questions as: what are the most important physiologic and anatomic differences between children and adults that are key to managing the trauma patient? How much fluid should be given prior to blood products? What is the role of POCUS in abdominal trauma? Which patients require abdominal CT?

Preparing Patient for Transport Checklist  (2018)

Preparing Patient for Transport Checklist

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TREKK PedsPac

TREKK PedsPac

This transport checklist is to guide preparation for patient transport to a tertiary site. Included in the checklist are equipment considerations and important information to communicate to the receiving site. Published online: July 2018, Version 2.0.

This transport checklist is to guide preparation for patient transport to a tertiary site. Included in the checklist are equipment considerations and important information to communicate to the receiving site. Published online: July 2018, Version 2.0.

Liste de Controle du Transport du Patient  (2018)

Liste de Controle du Transport du Patient

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PedsPac de TREKK

PedsPac de TREKK

This transport checklist is to guide preparation for patient transport to a tertiary site. Included in the checklist are equipment considerations and important information to communicate to the receiving site. Published: July 2018, Version 2.0.

This transport checklist is to guide preparation for patient transport to a tertiary site. Included in the checklist are equipment considerations and important information to communicate to the receiving site. Published: July 2018, Version 2.0.

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TRIK Training

Apr 22, 2018 - Apr 24, 2018  | Announcement  | Team: News and Events  |  


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New Resources for Multisystem Trauma

Posted: Jul 14, 2020  | Announcement  | Team: News and Events 


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Managing trauma patients in Community EDs

Posted: Mar 08, 2018  | Announcement  | Team: News and Events 


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CanadiEM Blog: TREKK Series | Multisystem Trauma

Posted: Sep 08, 2016  | Blog  | Team: News and Events 


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New! Multisystem Trauma Bottom Line Recommendations

Posted: Apr 02, 2015  | Announcement  | Team: News and Events 
Tags: Multiple Trauma


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New resources available on trekk.ca!

Posted: Jul 10, 2015  | Resource  | Team: News and Events 


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Improving mental health care transitions for children and youth

Posted: Jul 12, 2016  | Announcement  | Team: News and Events 


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Child Health Research Days 2017

Posted: Aug 14, 2017  | Announcement  | Team: News and Events 


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TREKK Education Session - Brandon, Manitoba

Posted: Apr 09, 2019  | Announcement  | Team: News and Events 


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TREKK at CAEP 2018

Posted: Feb 06, 2018  | Announcement  | Team: News and Events 


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Caring for Kids New to Canada

Posted: Jul 11, 2013  | Story  | Team: News and Events 
Tags: Pediatrics


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Brain Awareness Week

Posted: Mar 11, 2019  | Announcement  | Team: News and Events 


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Brain Injury Awareness Month 2019

Posted: Jun 13, 2019  | Announcement  | Team: News and Events 


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Become a A Pediatric Emergency Care Coordinator (PECC)

Posted: Jul 23, 2021  | Announcement  | Team: News and Events 


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TREKK Scholars & Fellows Program

Posted: Jul 05, 2021  | Announcement  | Team: News and Events 



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