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Bottom line recommendations for the treatment and management of croup.

Bottom line recommendations for the treatment and management of croup- French.

Summary of Practice Guidelines for Croup.

Acute management of croup in the emergency department.

Objective: To assess the efficacy (measured by croup scores, rate of intubation and health care utilization such as rate of hospitalization) and safety (frequency and severity of side effects) of nebulized epinephrine versus placebo in children with croup, evaluated in an emergency department (ED) or hospital setting.

Objective: To examine the effects of glucocorticoids for the treatment of croup in children aged 0 to 18 years.

Objective: To examine the effect of heliox compared to oxygen or other active interventions, placebo, or no treatment, on relieving signs and symptoms in children with croup as determined by a croup score and rates of admission and intubation.

Expert commentary on the Cochrane Review on nebulized epinephrine for reducing symptoms in children with severe croup. 

Objective: To synthesize the evidence currently in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR) related to the clinical effectiveness and applicability of four treatments for croup - glucocorticoids, epinephrine, heliox and humidified air.

The purpose of this document is to describe the effectiveness of four treatment options, based on a 2012 Overview of Reviews.

Objective: To assess the efficacy (measured by croup scores, rate of intubation and health care utilization such as rate of hospitalization) and safety (frequency and severity of side effects) of nebulized epinephrine versus placebo in children with croup, evaluated in an emergency department (ED) or hospital setting.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of humidified air in the treatment of croup.

Objectives: To determine the effect of glucocorticoids for children with croup.

Objectives: To examine the effect of heliox on relieving symptoms and signs of croup, as determined by a croup score (a tool for measuring the severity of croup).To examine the effect of croup on rates of admission or intubation (or both), through comparisons of heliox with placebo or any active intervention(s) in children with croup.

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of humidified air in the treatment of croup.

Objectives: To assess the efficacy (measured by croup scores, rate of intubation and health care utilization such as rate of hospitalization) and safety (frequency and severity of side effects) of nebulized epinephrine versus placebo in children with croup, evaluated in an emergency department (ED) or hospital setting.

Objective:This review will address the diagnosis and management of croup in children, specifically focusing on clinical assessment of disease severity to guide management decisions.

Objective: To examine the effects of glucocorticoids for the treatment of croup in children aged 0 to 18 years. Published: 2018.

Objective: To examine the effect of heliox compared to oxygen or other active interventions, placebo, or no treatment, on relieving signs and symptoms in children with croup as determined by a croup score and rates of admission and intubation.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of antibiotics given to children with measles to prevent complications and reduce pneumonia, other morbidities and mortality.

Objective: To determine whether a significant difference in the clinical Westley croup score exists in children with moderate to severe croup who were admitted to the emergency department and who received either 100% humidity or 40% humidity via nebulizer or blow-by humidity.

Objective: The primary outcome was a return to a medical care provider for croup within seven days after treatment. The secondary outcome was the presence of ongoing symptoms of croup on days 1, 2, and 3 after treatment. Other outcomes included economic costs, hours of sleep lost by the child, and stress on the part of the parent in relation to the child's illness.

Objective: Steroid use for the treatment of croup has been supported by several studies, although few have addressed the use of oral dexamethasone for outpatient management. The efficacy of oral (PO) versus intramuscular (IM) dosing of dexamethasone in the outpatient treatment of moderate croup are compared in this study.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of 3 glucocorticoid regimens in patients with croup.

Objective: To study how budesonide compares with dexamethasone, the conventional therapy for croup, and whether either reduces the rate of hospitalization.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of oral dexamethasone and inhaled budesonide in children hospitalized with croup, using a three-way, double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial design.

Objective: To study the effect of prednisolone on two clinical endpoints--the duration of intubation and the need for reintubation.

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the effect of L-epinephrine plus dexamethasone vs. dexamethasone for treatment of croup in children.

Objective: Our objective was to compare the effectiveness of prednisolone 2 mg/kg for 3 days, a treatment regimen already commonly prescribed by pediatricians in our community; with one dose of dexamethasone 0.6 mg/kg, a treatment regimen known to be effective in the ED setting, for children with mild or moderate croup diagnosed at an office visit.

Objective: In this study, the efficacies of intramuscular and oral dexamethasone administration are compared for treatment of croup.

Objective: For children with croup controversy remains over dosage and time to onset of action of oral steroids. The Cochrane Collaboration and other reviews have suggested 0.6 mg/kg dexamethasone be used (despite some evidence that 0.15 mg/kg is effective) with no expectation of benefit before 4-6 h. This randomized double-blinded clinical trial examines whether 0.15 mg/kg dexamethasone works by 30 min. Published: 2012.

Objective: We examine the monthly patterns of young children who made croup-related visits to EDs in Alberta, Canada.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether local anti-inflammatory therapy with inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate is effective in the outpatient management of acute viral croup.

Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology of croup presentations to EDs made by infants (

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of dexamethasone 0.15 mg/kg single dose compared with the recommended dose of 0.6 mg/kg for treatment of hospitalized children with moderate to severe croup.

Objective: We describe three previously healthy children, admitted from our emergency department (ED) to our free-standing children's hospital, as the first documented cases of croup as a manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 infection.