Migraine

EVIDENCE REPOSITORIES

This evidence repository is a collection of best available resources and evidence collated by a knowledge synthesis team at Alberta Research for Health Evidence (ARCHE) and the clinical content team. The knowledge synthesis team utilizes a pyramid-shaped framework, built upon the “4S” hierarchy of evidence model, to provide detailed evidence appropriate to meet stakeholders’ needs. They search a combination of databases (Cochrane Library, PubMed, TRIP Database) and web-based search engines (Google, Google Scholar) to locate evidence for the knowledge pyramids. Publication types sought in the initial topic searches are organized into five levels that determine the order in which resources are presented: (2)

(4) Systematic Reviews (5)

Where applicable resources for families and parents are also listed. The knowledge synthesis team collaborates with the clinical content team to select the most relevant guidelines, reviews, and key studies, which can be found below. This evidence repository is not intended to be an exhaustive list of resources for a topic, but rather a curated list of current, evidence-based resources, based on expert consensus of relevance and usability for a general emergency department setting. Every effort is made to identify resources that are open access (i.e. publicly available, free of charge, not requiring a subscription). More information about the creation of our evidence repositories can be found here.

Thank you to the following clinical content experts and Knowledge Synthesis team who led the development of this evidence repository. Sarah Rogers, MD, FRCPC; Pediatric Emergency Medicine Fellow, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa Garth Meckler, MD, MSHS; Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia; BC Children's Hospital, Division Head, Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, BC Children's Hospital Liza Bialy, BSc, MPH, Knowledge Synthesis Project Coordinator, Alberta Research Centre for Health Evidence, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta Sarah Elliott, PhD, Assistant Director, Alberta Research Centre for Health Evidence, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta

TREKK developed resources for healthcare providers and parents & families can be found here.

1. The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne. headache/” target=”_blank” rel=”noopener”>Headache: Clinical practice guidelines. 2022.
2. Cromb D, Grigoratos D. Acute treatment of migraine in children and adolescents: Review of the American academy of neurology practice guideline update. Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed. 2021;106(6):358-61.
3. Hoover LE. Migraines in children: Recommendations for acute and preventive treatment. American Family Physician. 2020.
4. Choosing Wisely Canada (Canadian Headache Society). Headache. 2020
5. Oskoui M, Pringsheim T, Holler-Managan Y, et al. Practice guideline update summary: Acute treatment of migraine in children and adolescents: Report of the guideline development, dissemination, and implementation subcommittee of the American academy of neurology and the American headache society. Neurology. 2019;93(11):487-99.
6. Oskoui M, Pringsheim T, Billinghurst L, et al. Practice guideline update summary: Pharmacologic treatment for pediatric migraine prevention: Report of the guideline development, dissemination, and implementation subcommittee of the American academy of neurology and the American headache society. Headache. 2019;59(8):1144-57.
7. Holland S, Silberstein SD, Freitag F, et al. Evidence-based guideline update: NSAIDS and other complementary treatments for episodic migraine prevention in adults: Report of the quality standards subcommittee of the American academy of neurology and the American headache society. Neurology. 2012;78(17):1346-53.

1. Abu-Arafeh I, Morozova M. Migraine in children and adolescents: Assessment and diagnosis. Handb Clin Neurol. 2024;199:475-85.
2. Abu-Arafeh I, Howells R. Management of migraine in children and adolescents. Handb Clin Neurol. 2024;199:487-502.
3. Patniyot I, Qubty W. headache/” target=”_blank” rel=”noopener”>Headache in adolescents. Neurol Clin. 2023;41(1):177-92.
4. Barad M, Ailani J, Hakim SM, et al. Percutaneous interventional strategies for migraine prevention: A systematic review and practice guideline. Pain Med. 2022;23(1):164-88.
5. Cook C. Acute treatment of pediatric migraine: A review of the updated guidelines. Adv Emerg Nurs J. 2020;42(1):4-12.
6. Chi PW, Hsieh KY, Chen KY, et al. Intranasal lidocaine for acute migraine: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PLoS One. 2019;14(10):e0224285.
7. Miller AC, B KP, Lawson MR, et al. Intravenous magnesium sulfate to treat acute headaches in the emergency department: A systematic review. Headache. 2019;59(10):1674-86.
8. Richer L, Billinghurst L, Linsdell MA, et al. Drugs for the acute treatment of migraine in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2016(4).
9. Patniyot IR, Gelfand AA. Acute treatment therapies for pediatric migraine: A qualitative systematic review. Headache. 2016;56(1):49-70.
10. Orr SL, Aubé M, Becker WJ, et al. Canadian headache society systematic review and recommendations on the treatment of migraine pain in emergency settings. Cephalalgia. 2015;35(3):271-84.
11. Abu-Arafeh I, Razak S, Sivaraman B, Graham C. Prevalence of headache and migraine in children and adolescents: A systematic review of population-based studies. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2010;52(12):1088-97.
12. Singh A, Alter HJ, Zaia B. Does the addition of dexamethasone to standard therapy for acute migraine headache decrease the incidence of recurrent headache for patients treated in the emergency department? A meta-analysis and systematic review of the literature. Acad Emerg Med. 2008;15(12):1223-33.

1. Lefchak B, Morgan D, Finch M, et al. Ketorolac Dose Ceiling Effect for Pediatric headache/” target=”_blank” rel=”noopener”>Headache in the Emergency Department. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2024 Oct;29(5):494-500.
2. Tsze DS, Thiele C, Hirschfeld G, Dayan PS. Clinically significant differences in self-reported pain scores in children with headaches. Acad Emerg Med. 2024.
3. Hauser Chatterjee J, Hartford EA, Law E, et al. Sumatriptan as a first-line treatment for headache in the pediatric emergency department. Pediatr Neurol. 2023;142:68-75.
4. Almuqbil M, Alsayed SA, Almutairi AM, et al. Diagnostic yield of neuroimaging for headache in a pediatric emergency department: A single tertiary centre experience. Healthcare (Basel). 2023;11(6).
5. Tsze DS, Lubell TR, Carter RC, et al. Intranasal ketorolac versus intravenous ketorolac for treatment of migraine headaches in children: A randomized clinical trial. Acad Emerg Med. 2022;29(4):465-75.
6. Richer LP, Ali S, Johnson DW, et al. A randomized trial of ketorolac and metoclopramide for migraine in the emergency department. Headache. 2022;62(6):681-9.
7. Prezioso G, Suppiej A, Alberghini V, et al. Pediatric headache in primary care and emergency departments: Consensus with RAND/UCLA method. Life (Basel). 2022;12(2).
8. Maki K, Doan Q, Sih K, et al. A randomized controlled pilot study of intranasal lidocaine in acute management of paediatric migraine and migraine-like headache. Paediatr Child Health. 2022;27(6):340-5.
9. Hassan R, Gudiwala V, Jeynes L, Saraswatula A. 365 greater occipital nerve block as a treatment for paediatric migraines. Archives of Disease in Childhood. 2022;107(Suppl 2):A221-A.
10. Mousa MA, Aria DJ, Mousa AA, et al. Sphenopalatine ganglion nerve block for the treatment of migraine headaches in the pediatric population. Pain Physician. 2021;24(1):E111-e6.
11. Kouri M, Somaini M, Cárdenas VHG, et al. Transnasal sphenopalatine ganglion block for the preventive treatment of chronic daily headache in adolescents. Children (Basel). 2021;8(7).
12. Turner AL, Shandley S, Miller E, et al. Intranasal ketamine for abortive migraine therapy in pediatric patients: A single-center review. Pediatr Neurol. 2020;104:46-53.
13. Patniyot I, Qubty W. Short-term treatment of migraine in children and adolescents. JAMA Pediatr. 2020;174(8):789-90.
14. Orr SL, OʼSullivan L, Zemek R, et al. Family perspectives on visiting the pediatric emergency department for migraine: A qualitative study. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2020;36(6):e310-e7.
15. Bilhimer MH, Groth ME, Holmes AK. Ketamine for migraine in the emergency department. Adv Emerg Nurs J. 2020;42(2):96-102.
16. Kirkpatrick L, Sogawa Y, Cleves C. Acute dystonic reactions in children treated for headache with prochlorperazine or metoclopramide. Pediatr Neurol. 2020;106:63-4.
17. Orr SL FB, Dodick DW. Emergency headache: Diagnosis and management. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2017.
18. Headache classification committee of the International Headache Society (IHS) the international classification of headache disorders, 3rd edition. Cephalalgia. 2018;38(1):1-211.
19. Sheridan DC, Hansen ML, Lin AL, et al. Low-dose propofol for pediatric migraine: A prospective, randomized controlled trial. J Emerg Med. 2018;54(5):600-6.
20. Bachur RG, Monuteaux MC, Neuman MI. A comparison of acute treatment regimens for migraine in the emergency department. Pediatrics. 2015;135(2):232-8.
21. Sheridan D, Sun B, O'Brien P, Hansen M. Intravenous sodium valproate for acute pediatric headache. J Emerg Med. 2015;49(4):541-5.
22. Woldeamanuel YW, Rapoport AM, Cowan RP. The place of corticosteroids in migraine attack management: A 65-year systematic review with pooled analysis and critical appraisal. Cephalalgia. 2015;35(11):996-1024.
23. Richer L, Craig W, Rowe B. Randomized controlled trial of treatment expectation and intravenous fluid in pediatric migraine. Headache. 2014;54(9):1496-505.
24. Gallelli L, Avenoso T, Falcone D, et al. Effects of acetaminophen and ibuprofen in children with migraine receiving preventive treatment with magnesium. Headache. 2014;54(2):313-24.
25. Derosier FJ, Lewis D, Hershey AD, et al. Randomized trial of sumatriptan and naproxen sodium combination in adolescent migraine. Pediatrics. 2012;129(6):e1411-20.
26. Slater SK, Nelson TD, Kabbouche MA, et al. A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover, add-on study of coenzyme q10 in the prevention of pediatric and adolescent migraine. Cephalalgia. 2011;31(8):897-905.
27. Cady RK, Freitag FG, Mathew NT, et al. Allodynia-associated symptoms, pain intensity and time to treatment: Predicting treatment response in acute migraine intervention. Headache. 2009;49(3):350-63.
28. Goadsby PJ, Zanchin G, Geraud G, et al. Early vs. Non-early intervention in acute migraine-'act when mild (AWM)'. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of almotriptan. Cephalalgia. 2008;28(4):383-91.
29. Freitag FG, Finlayson G, Rapoport AM, et al. Effect of pain intensity and time to administration on responsiveness to almotriptan: Results from axert 12.5 mg time versus intensity migraine study (aims). Headache. 2007;47(4):519-30.
30. Richer L, Graham L, Klassen T, Rowe B. Emergency department management of acute migraine in children in Canada: A practice variation study. Headache. 2007;47(5):703-10.
31. Brandes JL, Kudrow D, Stark SR, et al. Sumatriptan-naproxen for acute treatment of migraine: A randomized trial. JAMA. 2007;297(13):1443-54.
32. Brousseau DC, Duffy SJ, Anderson AC, Linakis JG. Treatment of pediatric migraine headaches: A randomized, double-blind trial of prochlorperazine versus ketorolac. Ann Emerg Med. 2004;43(2):256-62.
33. Wang F, Van Den Eeden SK, Ackerson LM, et al. Oral magnesium oxide prophylaxis of frequent migrainous headache in children: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Headache. 2003;43(6):601-10.
34. Lewis DW, Kellstein D, Dahl G, et al. Children's ibuprofen suspension for the acute treatment of pediatric migraine. Headache. 2002;42(8):780-6.
35. Hämäläinen ML, Hoppu K, Valkeila E, Santavuori P. Ibuprofen or acetaminophen for the acute treatment of migraine in children: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Neurology. 1997;48(1):103-7.

1. National Institutes of Health Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Migraine trainer® app. 2024.
2. National headache/” target=”_blank” rel=”noopener”>Headache Foundation. Migraine management for parents. 2024.
3. American Migraine Foundation. Pediatric migraine: A guide for parents. 2023.
4. HealthLink British Columbia. Migraine headaches. 2022..
5. Migraine. Migraine Canada. 2022.
6. MyHealth Alberta. Migraine headaches. 2022.